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大坝渗漏是水利工程中常见的安全隐患问题，本研究结合高密度电法和等值反磁通瞬变电磁法，对广东某小(1)型水库大坝进行了综合物探试验研究。在坝顶和背水坡马道布置测线，获得了大坝内部的电阻率分布和二次电磁场响应特征。研究结果表明，两种方法有效识别出大坝内部的异常区域，发现3处明显的渗漏通道，如大坝凹陷区域下方、原山体与坝体接触面和距离测线起点60～90 m的坝基接触面；等值反磁通瞬变电磁法还明确了右坝肩原山体的边界，进一步验证了坝基接触面的渗漏问题；综合高密度电法和等值反磁通瞬变电磁法找出了大坝下游坝坡面出现局部凹陷和坝脚积水的原因，两种方法在空间分布上具有良好的一致性，异常位置吻合度高，探测结果可靠。高密度电法和等值反磁通瞬变电磁法在水利工程大坝隐患探测中具有广阔的应用前景，为大坝的安全运行和隐患治理提供了重要的技术支撑。
Abstract：Dam leakage is a common safety hazard in hydraulic engineering. This study integrates the multi-electrode resistivity method(ERT) and opposing coils transient electromagnetic(OCTEM) method to conduct comprehensive geophysical surveys on a small(Type1) reservoir dam in Guangdong Province. Survey lines were deployed along the dam crest and saddle on the downstream slope, obtaining the internal resistivity distribution and the characteristics of secondary electromagnetic field responseof the dam. The results demonstrate that both methods effectively identify anomaly regions within the dam, revealing three notable leakage channels: beneath the depression area of the dam slope, at the interface between the original mountain body and the dam body, and at the dam foundation interface approximately 60-90 meters from the survey line's starting point. Additionally, OCTEM clearly delineates the boundary of the original mountain body at the right dam shoulder, further validating leakage issues at the dam foundation interface. The combination of ERT and OCTEM has identified the causes of the local depression on the downstream dam slope and water accumulation at the dam toe. The two methods exhibit good spatial consistency and show high agreement in anomaly locations, ensuring reliable detection results. This study highlights the broad application prospects of ERT and OCTEM in detecting dam hazards in hydraulic engineering, offering significant technical support for dam safety operation and hazard mitigation.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:TV698.1;P631.325
引用信息:
[1]黄文康,袁明道,张旭辉,等.基于高密度电法与等值反磁通瞬变电磁法的大坝综合探测技术[J].工程地球物理学报,2025,22(06):632-638.
基金信息:
广东省水利科技创新项目(编号:2024-07,2023-02)